The best treatment options for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) depend on the specific needs and preferences of the individual and may involve a combination of different approaches. Some common treatment options for ADHD include:
Medications: Stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) and amphetamines (Adderall), are the most commonly used medications for treating ADHD. These medications can help to improve focus and concentration, reduce impulsivity, and improve behavior. Non-stimulant medications, such as atomoxetine (Strattera), may also be used to treat ADHD. It’s important to note that medications can have side effects and may not be suitable for everyone.
Behavioral therapy: This type of therapy focuses on teaching individuals with ADHD skills to help them better manage their behaviors and emotions. This may involve setting goals, reinforcing positive behaviors, and teaching problem-solving skills. Behavioral therapy may be provided one-on-one or in a group setting.
Educational and vocational support: Children and adolescents with ADHD may benefit from accommodations in the classroom, such as extra time on tests or a designated study area. Adults with ADHD may benefit from job coaching or other vocational support to help them succeed in the workplace.
Parent training and education: Parents or caregivers of individuals with ADHD may benefit from training and education to help them understand the disorder and develop strategies to manage behavior at home. These educational programmes are usually arranged in groups of around 10 to 12 parents. A programme usually consists of 10 to 16 meetings, lasting up to 2 hours each.
Being offered a parent training and education programme does not mean you have been a bad parent – it aims to teach parents and carers about behaviour management, while increasing confidence in your ability to help your child and improve your relationship.
Social skills training: Social skills training involves your child taking part in role-play situations and aims to teach them how to behave in social situations by learning how their behaviour affects others.
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT): CBT is a talking therapy that can help you manage your problems by changing the way you think and behave. A therapist would try to change how you or your child feels about a situation, which would in turn potentially change their behaviour. CBT can be carried out with a therapist individually or in a group.
Psychoeducation: Psychoeducation means you or your child will be encouraged to discuss ADHD and its effects. It can help children, teenagers and adults make sense of being diagnosed with ADHD, and can help you to cope and live with the condition.
Complementary and alternative therapies: Some individuals with ADHD may find that complementary and alternative therapies helpful in managing their symptomss. These may include:
- diet changes
- exercise
- meditation
It’s important to speak with a healthcare provider before starting any new therapy to ensure it is safe and appropriate.
Also note that treatment for ADHD is often most effective when it is personalized and involves a combination of different approaches. A mental health professional can help to determine the best treatment plan for an individual with ADHD.