There are several types of epilepsy, and each type is characterized by the type of seizures experienced. The following are some of the most common types of epilepsy:
- Focal epilepsy: This type of epilepsy is also known as partial epilepsy, and it occurs when seizures are caused by abnormal activity in a specific area of the brain. Focal epilepsy can be further divided into two subtypes: focal aware seizures (formerly known as simple partial seizures) and focal impaired awareness seizures (formerly known as complex partial seizures).
- Generalized epilepsy: Generalized epilepsy is characterized by seizures that involve the entire brain. There are several subtypes of generalized epilepsy, including absence seizures (formerly known as petit mal seizures), myoclonic seizures, atonic seizures, tonic seizures, and tonic-clonic seizures (formerly known as grand mal seizures).
- Infantile spasms: Infantile spasms is a rare type of epilepsy that occurs in infants and young children. It is characterized by a specific type of seizure called a spasm, which typically involves a sudden flexion or extension of the arms, legs, or torso.
- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome is a rare and severe form of epilepsy that usually begins in childhood. It is characterized by multiple seizure types and cognitive and behavioral problems.
- Dravet syndrome: Dravet syndrome is a rare and severe form of epilepsy that usually begins in infancy. It is characterized by prolonged seizures, fever sensitivity, and cognitive and behavioral problems.
- Epileptic encephalopathies: Epileptic encephalopathies are a group of rare and severe epilepsy syndromes that are characterized by frequent seizures and developmental regression.
It’s important to note that there are many other types of epilepsy, and each type can have unique features and symptoms. If you or someone you know is experiencing seizures or other symptoms of epilepsy, it’s important to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis and treatment.