Bunions, also known as hallux valgus, are a common foot condition characterized by the abnormal, bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe. Bunions are generally thought to be genetic. They occur because of faulty foot structure, which is inherited.
Some conditions that contribute to the development of bunions include flat feet, excessively flexible ligaments, and abnormal bone structure. Some experts believe shoes that don’t fit properly cause bunions, but others think shoes only worsen an existing structural problem.
The main cause of bunions is thought to be a combination of genetic and mechanical factors.
Genetic factors: Some people are more prone to developing bunions due to inherited structural foot defects, such as flat feet or a high arch that can increase the risk of developing the condition.
Mechanical factors: Wearing ill-fitting or tight shoes, such as high heels or shoes with a narrow toe box, can put pressure on the big toe joint and cause the bones to shift out of place, leading to the development of a bunion.
Additionally, certain conditions such as arthritis, that affect the big toe joint, can also cause bunions to develop. Bunions can also be caused by certain medical conditions such as congenital conditions, neuromuscular disorders and injury.
It is important to note that Bunions tend to be progressive, so early treatment and preventative measures, such as wearing comfortable shoes, can help to slow the progression of the condition and prevent it from worsening.