It is not a serious condition, but it can cause unpleasant symptoms and may increase the risk of certain complications if left untreated.
If bacterial vaginosis (BV) is not treated, it can cause the following complications:
Preterm birth. In pregnant women, bacterial vaginosis is linked to premature deliveries and low birth weight babies.
Sexually transmitted infections. Having bacterial vaginosis makes women more susceptible to sexually transmitted infections, such as HIV, herpes simplex virus, chlamydia or gonorrhea. If you have HIV, bacterial vaginosis increases the odds that you’ll pass the virus on to your partner.
Infection risk after gynecologic surgery. Having bacterial vaginosis may increase the risk of developing a post-surgical infection after procedures such as hysterectomy or dilation and curettage (D&C).
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Bacterial vaginosis can sometimes cause PID, an infection of the uterus and the fallopian tubes that can increase the risk of infertility.
Less success with fertility treatments. Having bacterial vaginosis makes women realize less success with fertility treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF)
Recurrent infections. Bacterial vaginosis may recur if it is not fully treated.
It is important to see a healthcare provider if you think you may have BV, as it can be easily treated with antibiotics. It is important to take all of the prescribed medication and follow up with your healthcare provider as directed to ensure that the infection is completely cleared and prevent it from returning.