Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is an allergic reaction that affects the nose. It is caused by an allergic reaction to substances such as pollen, mold, or animal dander. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis can vary in severity and may include:
Sneezing: Sneezing is a common symptom of allergic rhinitis. Sneezing is the body’s way of getting rid of irritants in the nose.
Runny nose: A runny nose is another common symptom of allergic rhinitis. This is because the body produces more mucus to try and flush out the allergens from the nose.
Itchy nose: Itchy eyes and an itchy nose are common symptoms of allergic rhinitis. The allergens in the air can cause irritation and itching in the nose and eyes.
Nasal congestion: Allergic rhinitis can cause nasal congestion, or a feeling of stuffiness in the nose. This is because the nasal passages become swollen and inflamed due to the allergic reaction.
Watery eyes: Allergic rhinitis can also cause watery eyes. This is because the allergens in the air can irritate the eyes and cause them to produce more tears.
Coughing: Allergic rhinitis can sometimes cause coughing, especially if the allergens are inhaled into the lungs.
Headache: Allergic rhinitis can cause a headache due to the inflammation and congestion in the nasal passages.
The following can also be symptoms of allergic rhinitis, although not as common as the symptoms listed above.
A sore or scratchy throat can be a symptom of allergic rhinitis if the allergens in the air are inhaled into the throat and cause irritation.
Itchy eyes can be a symptom of allergic rhinitis if the allergens in the air cause irritation and inflammation in the eyes.
Dark circles under the eyes can be a symptom of allergic rhinitis if the allergies are causing difficulty sleeping or if the allergies are causing inflammation in the eyes, which can lead to swelling and a tired appearance.
Hives can be a symptom of allergic rhinitis if the allergens cause an allergic reaction that affects the skin. Hives are red, raised bumps that can appear anywhere on the body and are often itchy.
Excessive fatigue can be a symptom of allergic rhinitis if the allergies are causing difficulty sleeping or if the allergies are causing general discomfort and a lack of energy.
You’ll usually feel one or more of these symptoms immediately after coming into contact with an allergen. Some symptoms, such as recurrent headaches and fatigue, may only happen after long-term exposure to allergens. Fever isn’t a symptom of hay fever.
Some people experience symptoms only rarely. This likely occurs when you’re exposed to allergens in large quantities. Other people experience symptoms all year long. Talk to your doctor about possible allergies if your symptoms last for more than a few weeks and don’t seem to be improving.