Dysphagia can be classified into four stages, which describe the progression of difficulty with swallowing:
1. Oral preparatory stage: This stage involves the preparation of food in the mouth, such as chewing and moistening, for swallowing.
2. Pharyngeal stage: This stage involves the passage of food from the mouth to the pharynx, or the back of the throat.
3. Esophageal stage: This stage involves the passage of food from the pharynx to the esophagus and the beginning of the process of moving food into the stomach.
4. Residue stage: This stage involves the residual food left in the mouth or pharynx after swallowing, which can cause discomfort and coughing.
The specific symptoms and challenges experienced during each stage of dysphagia can vary depending on the underlying cause. For example, difficulty with oral preparation may be related to an issue with the muscles used for chewing, while difficulty with the pharyngeal stage may be related to a neurological disorder that affects muscle control.
It’s important to address the underlying cause of dysphagia to effectively treat and manage the condition. If you are experiencing difficulty swallowing, it is recommended to speak with your healthcare provider to determine the best treatment options for your individual needs.