The best way to combat bulimia and increase the likelihood of long-term recovery is early intervention. This begins with early detection through awareness of signs and symptoms of bulimia.
Physical Signs
Bulimia Nervosa is an intensely physical disorder, resulting in apparent changes to the body that can warn an individual is struggling, such as:
- Weight fluctuations.
- Chronically inflamed or sore throat.
- Swollen salivary glands around the neck and jaw.
- Worn tooth enamel/yellowing teeth and tooth sensitivity due to exposure to stomach acid.
- Acid reflux disorder and other gastrointestinal problems
- Intestinal distress and irritation from laxative abuse
- Severe dehydration due to fluid loss from purging.
- Electrolyte Imbalance.
- Scars on knuckles or hands from self-induced vomiting (also known as “Russell’s Sign”).
- Puffy cheeks.
- Appearing bloated from fluid retention.
- Bright red eyes, bursting of blood vessels in eyes due to vomiting or straining in vomiting.
- Smelling of vomit.
- Discoloration or staining of the teeth from stomach acid
- Fainting.
- Irregular menstrual periods.
- Muscle weakness.
- Bloodshot eyes.
- Dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.
Behavioral Warning Signs
Behavioral red flags of bulimia are not as easily identifiable as the physical listed above; however, it is still possible to recognize behavioral changes that could indicate a problem, for example:
- A distorted body image and a fear of gaining weight
- Engaging in binge eating episodes.
- Distress over body shape/weight/size and/or negative body image.
- Expressing shame or guilt around eating.
- Frequently going to the bathroom during or immediately after meals.
- Increased irritability.
- Increased depression and suicidal ideation or self-harming behaviors.
- Withdrawal from family and friends, particularly in situations related to food or during/after meals.
- Uncomfortable eating food around others.
- Feeling guilty or shameful about eating
- Buying/hoarding diuretics/laxatives.
- Hiding food.
- Drinking excessive amounts of water.
It’s important to note that some people with bulimia may have a normal body weight, so weight is not always a reliable indicator of the disorder. If you suspect that you or someone you know may have bulimia, it’s important to seek professional help