The best treatment option for dystonia depends on the type of dystonia, the severity of symptoms, and the individual. However, here are some common treatments for dystonia:
- Medications: Anticholinergics, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants may be prescribed to help relieve symptoms of dystonia. Botulinum toxin injections (Botox) can also be used to relax the affected muscle.
- Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help improve flexibility, strength, and coordination in the affected body part.
- Occupational therapy: Occupational therapy can help people with dystonia learn new ways to perform everyday tasks and activities.
- Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be recommended to treat dystonia. For example, deep brain stimulation (DBS) can be used to stimulate specific areas of the brain and relieve symptoms of dystonia.
- Alternative therapies: Some people with dystonia find relief from alternative therapies, such as acupuncture or massage therapy.
Some causes of secondary dystonia are preventable, or you can reduce your risk of developing them. The things you can do include:
- Eat a balanced diet and maintain a healthy weight. Many conditions related to your circulatory and heart health, especially stroke, can damage areas of your brain, causing dystonia. Preventing, delaying or reducing the severity of these conditions can have a big effect on whether or not you develop dystonia.
- Don’t ignore infections. Eye and ear infections need fast treatment. When these infections spread to your brain, they become a serious threat. Infections can cause brain inflammation (encephalitis) that can lead to dystonia.
- Wear safety equipment. Traumatic brain injuries can damage your brain and cause dystonia. That makes safety equipment essential in reducing your risk of developing this condition.
- Manage your health conditions. Chronic conditions cause or contribute to other conditions that lead to dystonia. That includes conditions like Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, epilepsy and others.
It’s important to work with a doctor or a team of healthcare providers to determine the best treatment plan for your individual needs. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be needed to manage symptoms effectively.