Anal cancer and hemorrhoids are two different conditions that can affect the anus, the opening at the end of the digestive tract through which bowel movements pass out of the body.
Anal Cancer
Anal cancer is a rare type of cancer that affects the tissues of the anus. It can cause symptoms such as:
- bleeding from the bottom (rectal bleeding)
- itching and pain around the anus
- small lumps around the anus
- a discharge of mucus from the anus
- loss of bowel control (bowel incontinence)
Anal cancer is treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy among others.
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are actually swollen veins located in the anus and rectum area, and they’re quite common: Approximately half of all adults experience hemorrhoids by the age of 50. They can be internal (inside the rectum or anus) or external (on, or protruding from, the rectum or anus), and symptoms can range from no or mild discomfort to significant pain, itchiness and bleeding.
While the exact cause of hemorrhoids is unknown, they’re most likely to occur when there’s an increase in pressure in the area, such as when you strain to have a bowel movement, for example. They’re more likely to occur during pregnancy, aging, sitting for long periods of time, chronic constipation or diarrhea, straining or lifting heavy objects.
Hemorrhoids usually aren’t dangerous, and in many cases, the symptoms will go away within a few days.
Here are some of the most common signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids:
- Itching or irritation in the anal area
- Bright red blood on toilet tissue, stool or in the toilet bowl
- Pain or discomfort, especially during bowel movements
- A sensitive or painful lump(s) on or near your anus
To relieve symptoms, doctors recommend sitting in a lukewarm bath, alternating moist heat with ice and limiting extended periods of time spent sitting. There are also over-the-counter topical creams and suppositories to battle the symptoms. Patients are also advised to use scent- and dye-free toilet paper and to keep the area clean.
It is important to see a doctor if you experience any symptoms that may be related to anal cancer or hemorrhoids. Only a healthcare professional can accurately diagnose and treat these conditions.