Non Hodgkin lymphoma

by







Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s immune system. It is the most common type of lymphoma, accounting for about 90% of all cases. NHL affects the lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, and can occur in various parts of the body, including the lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, and other organs.

Causes of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

The exact cause of NHL is unknown, but several risk factors have been identified, including:

  • Age: NHL is more common in older adults
  • Immune system disorders
  • Exposure to certain chemicals or radiation
  • Family history of lymphoma

Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

The symptoms of NHL can vary depending on the type and location of the cancer, but common signs may include:

  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Fever
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Night sweats
  • Fatigue

Treatment for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Treatment for NHL will depend on the type and stage of the cancer, but may include:

  • Chemotherapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Stem cell transplant

FAQs about Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

1. What is the difference between Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Both types of lymphoma affect the lymphatic system but differ in the type of lymphocyte involved and the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin lymphoma.

2. Is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma hereditary?

While a family history of lymphoma can increase the risk, NHL is not considered directly hereditary.

3. Can Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma be prevented?

There is no known way to prevent NHL, but avoiding known risk factors such as exposure to chemicals may lower the risk.

4. How is NHL diagnosed?

Diagnosis of NHL involves a physical exam, imaging tests, blood tests, and possibly a biopsy of a lymph node or other affected tissue.

5. What are the survival rates for NHL?

Survival rates for NHL vary depending on the type and stage of the cancer, but overall, the prognosis is improving with advances in treatment.

6. Can NHL recur after treatment?

Yes, NHL can recur after treatment, and regular follow-up care is important to monitor for any signs of recurrence.

7. Are there any long-term side effects of NHL treatment?

Some treatments for NHL, such as chemotherapy and radiation, may have long-term side effects, including an increased risk of other cancers.

8. Can lifestyle changes help in managing NHL?

While lifestyle changes cannot cure NHL, maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking may help improve overall health and well-being.

9. Is there ongoing research for new treatments for NHL?

Yes, research is ongoing to develop new therapies for NHL, including targeted drugs and immunotherapy approaches.

10. How can I support a loved one with NHL?

Offering emotional support, helping with practical needs, and being a good listener can all make a difference in supporting a loved one through their NHL diagnosis and treatment.