Vomiting

By | March 7, 2025

Understanding Vomiting and its Causes

Introduction

Vomiting, also known as emesis, is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of the stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose. It is a common symptom that can be caused by a variety of factors.

Causes of Vomiting

1. Gastrointestinal Infections

Common infections such as gastroenteritis or food poisoning can lead to vomiting as the body tries to rid itself of harmful pathogens.

2. Motion Sickness

Traveling in a car, boat, or airplane can cause motion sickness, leading to nausea and vomiting.

3. Pregnancy

Morning sickness, a common symptom of early pregnancy, can cause women to vomit due to hormonal changes.

4. Food Allergies

Consuming food that the body is allergic to can trigger vomiting as an immune response.

5. Medications

Some medications, such as chemotherapy drugs, can cause vomiting as a side effect.

Home Remedies for Vomiting

Some ways to alleviate vomiting at home include:

  • Rest and hydration
  • Clear fluids like water or ginger ale
  • Ginger tea or ginger candies
  • BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast)
  • Avoiding spicy or fatty foods

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are the common causes of vomiting?

Vomiting can be caused by infections, motion sickness, pregnancy, food allergies, and medications.

2. How can I prevent motion sickness?

You can prevent motion sickness by sitting in the front seat of a car, focusing on the horizon, and taking over-the-counter medications like Dramamine.

3. When should I seek medical help for vomiting?

If vomiting is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms like fever or headache, it is important to seek medical attention.

4. Can stress cause vomiting?

Stress can trigger vomiting in some individuals due to the body’s fight-or-flight response.

5. Is vomiting always a sign of a serious illness?

Vomiting can be a symptom of various conditions, but it is not always indicative of a serious illness.

6. How is vomiting treated in a medical setting?

In a medical setting, vomiting can be treated with antiemetic medications, intravenous fluids, and other supportive measures.

7. What is the difference between vomiting and regurgitation?

Vomiting involves forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth, while regurgitation is a passive process of bringing food back up without nausea or abdominal contractions.

8. Can vomiting be a sign of a brain injury?

Vomiting can sometimes be a symptom of a traumatic brain injury, especially if it is accompanied by other neurological symptoms.

9. Is it safe to induce vomiting after ingesting a toxic substance?

No, it is not recommended to induce vomiting after ingesting a toxic substance as it can cause further harm to the esophagus or airway.

10. What dietary changes can help prevent vomiting?

Eating smaller, more frequent meals and avoiding trigger foods can help prevent vomiting in some individuals.


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Complete Guide to NSFAS Online Loan Application for South African Students (2025)

If you are a South African student looking to pursue higher education but are facing financial difficulties, the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) is one of the most accessible funding options available. NSFAS provides financial aid in the form of bursaries and loans to qualifying students at public universities and TVET colleges in South Africa.

This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about the NSFAS loan application process, from eligibility requirements to application steps and frequently asked questions.


📌 What is NSFAS?

The National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) is a government-funded financial aid scheme aimed at helping students from low- and middle-income households to access tertiary education without the burden of upfront fees.

NSFAS offers both bursaries and income-contingent loans:

  • Bursaries: For eligible students who meet academic and household income criteria (especially for TVET and university students).
  • Loans: For students who do not meet all bursary criteria or who are pursuing postgraduate qualifications not funded under bursary schemes.

✅ Who Qualifies for an NSFAS Loan?

To qualify for an NSFAS loan (especially for postgraduate students or programs not funded under the bursary system), you must:

  • Be a South African citizen.
  • Be financially needy, with a household income of less than R350,000 per year.
  • Have a valid South African ID.
  • Be enrolled or accepted to study at a public university or TVET college.
  • Not be funded through another bursary program that covers all expenses.
  • Maintain satisfactory academic progress (returning students).

📚 Courses Funded by NSFAS

NSFAS primarily funds undergraduate qualifications, but certain postgraduate programs (e.g., PGCE, postgraduate diplomas in education, and professional courses like LLB) may be considered under the NSFAS loan scheme, not bursaries.

If you’re studying:

  • Undergraduate degree or diploma: You are likely eligible for a full NSFAS bursary.
  • Postgraduate study: You may qualify for a loan, depending on the course and funding availability.

📄 Required Documents for NSFAS Application

When applying, make sure you have the following documents scanned and ready:

  1. Certified copy of your South African ID or Smart Card.
  2. Parent(s) or guardian(s) ID documents.
  3. Proof of income (latest payslips, UIF, or affidavit if unemployed).
  4. Consent Form signed by your parent(s)/guardian(s) to allow NSFAS to verify income.
  5. Proof of registration or acceptance at a public institution.
  6. Academic transcripts (for continuing or postgraduate students).

🖥️ How to Apply for an NSFAS Loan Online

Step-by-Step NSFAS Online Application Process (2025)

  1. Visit the NSFAS Website

    Go to: https://www.nsfas.org.za

  2. Create an Account

    • Click on “MyNSFAS” and register your profile.
    • You’ll need a valid email address and South African cellphone number.
    • Choose a strong password and verify your account via email or SMS.
  3. Login and Start the Application

    • After registration, log in to your MyNSFAS account.
    • Click on “Apply” to begin a new application.
  4. Fill in Your Personal Details

    • Input your ID number, name, surname, and other details exactly as they appear on your ID.
    • Provide household income information and living arrangements.
  5. Upload Required Documents

    • Upload all supporting documents in PDF or JPEG format.
    • Each document must be clear and under the size limit specified.
  6. Submit Your Application

    • Review your application for accuracy.
    • Click “Submit” and wait for a confirmation message.
  7. Track Your Application

    • Log in regularly to check your application status.
    • You will be notified via SMS and email at each stage of the process.

🗓️ Important NSFAS Dates (2025)

  • Application Opening Date: September 1, 2025
  • Application Deadline: January 31, 2026
  • Appeals Period: February 2026 (if rejected)
  • Disbursement: After registration and approval

Note: Dates are subject to change; always confirm on the official NSFAS website.


💸 What Does the NSFAS Loan Cover?

NSFAS funding typically includes:

  • Tuition fees
  • Registration fees
  • Accommodation (if living away from home)
  • Meals and transport
  • Learning materials (e.g., textbooks)

For loans, repayment is only required once you start working and earn above a threshold (around R30,000 annually, but subject to change).


🔄 NSFAS Loan Repayment

Repayments are:

  • Income-contingent – you only repay when you can afford to.
  • Administered by DHET (Department of Higher Education and Training).
  • Interest-bearing, but interest rates are low and favorable.

You can also apply for a partial loan conversion to a bursary if you perform well academically.


🔁 How to Appeal a Rejected NSFAS Application

If your application is rejected, you may submit an appeal via your MyNSFAS portal:

  1. Log into your MyNSFAS account.
  2. Click on “Track Funding Progress”.
  3. If rejected, click on “Submit Appeal”.
  4. Upload any missing or corrected documents.
  5. Provide a clear explanation or motivation.

📱 NSFAS Contact Information


📝 Final Tips Before Applying

  • Apply early to avoid system overload near the deadline.
  • Use your own email and cellphone number (do not use someone else’s).
  • Double-check that all your documents are certified and legible.
  • Keep a copy of your submission confirmation for reference.

By following this guide, you can confidently apply for NSFAS funding and move one step closer to achieving your academic and career dreams—without the burden of immediate financial pressure.

If you need a printable checklist or PDF version of this guide, let me know and I’ll create one for you.