Pagets disease

By | March 3, 2025

Paget’s Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

What is Paget’s Disease?

Paget’s disease is a chronic bone disorder that typically affects older adults. It involves the abnormal breakdown and formation of bone tissue, leading to weakened, misshapen bones that are more susceptible to fractures.

Causes of Paget’s Disease

Genetics

Genetic factors play a role in the development of Paget’s disease. Individuals with a family history of the condition are at a higher risk of developing it themselves.

Viral Infection

Some studies suggest that a viral infection, particularly by the paramyxovirus, may trigger the onset of Paget’s disease in susceptible individuals.

Symptoms of Paget’s Disease

  • Bone pain
  • Fractures
  • Deformities in affected bones
  • Enlarged or misshapen bones
  • Joint pain and stiffness

Treatment for Paget’s Disease

Treatment for Paget’s disease aims to relieve symptoms, reduce complications, and prevent further bone damage. This may include medications to regulate bone growth, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgery to correct deformities or stabilize fractured bones.

FAQs about Paget’s Disease

1. What age group is most commonly affected by Paget’s disease?

Paget’s disease most commonly affects individuals over the age of 50.

2. Can Paget’s disease be cured?

While there is no cure for Paget’s disease, treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

3. How is Paget’s disease diagnosed?

Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of physical exams, imaging tests, and blood tests to measure bone turnover markers.

4. Is Paget’s disease hereditary?

There is a genetic component to Paget’s disease, and individuals with a family history of the condition are at a higher risk of developing it themselves.

5. Can Paget’s disease lead to other health complications?

In severe cases, Paget’s disease can lead to complications such as heart failure, nerve compression, or osteoarthritis.

6. Are there any lifestyle changes that can help manage Paget’s disease?

Regular exercise, a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can help manage Paget’s disease.

7. Can Paget’s disease cause bone cancer?

Paget’s disease itself is not cancerous, but it may increase the risk of developing bone cancer in some individuals.

8. Is there a link between Paget’s disease and hearing loss?

In some cases, Paget’s disease may affect the bones in the skull, leading to hearing loss or other neurological symptoms.

9. How often should individuals with Paget’s disease have follow-up appointments with their healthcare provider?

Follow-up appointments are typically recommended every 6-12 months to monitor the progression of Paget’s disease and adjust treatment as needed.

10. Can alternative therapies or supplements help with Paget’s disease?

While some individuals may find relief from symptoms with alternative therapies or supplements, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new treatment regimen.


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Complete Guide to NSFAS Online Loan Application for South African Students (2025)

If you are a South African student looking to pursue higher education but are facing financial difficulties, the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) is one of the most accessible funding options available. NSFAS provides financial aid in the form of bursaries and loans to qualifying students at public universities and TVET colleges in South Africa.

This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about the NSFAS loan application process, from eligibility requirements to application steps and frequently asked questions.


📌 What is NSFAS?

The National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) is a government-funded financial aid scheme aimed at helping students from low- and middle-income households to access tertiary education without the burden of upfront fees.

NSFAS offers both bursaries and income-contingent loans:

  • Bursaries: For eligible students who meet academic and household income criteria (especially for TVET and university students).
  • Loans: For students who do not meet all bursary criteria or who are pursuing postgraduate qualifications not funded under bursary schemes.

✅ Who Qualifies for an NSFAS Loan?

To qualify for an NSFAS loan (especially for postgraduate students or programs not funded under the bursary system), you must:

  • Be a South African citizen.
  • Be financially needy, with a household income of less than R350,000 per year.
  • Have a valid South African ID.
  • Be enrolled or accepted to study at a public university or TVET college.
  • Not be funded through another bursary program that covers all expenses.
  • Maintain satisfactory academic progress (returning students).

📚 Courses Funded by NSFAS

NSFAS primarily funds undergraduate qualifications, but certain postgraduate programs (e.g., PGCE, postgraduate diplomas in education, and professional courses like LLB) may be considered under the NSFAS loan scheme, not bursaries.

If you’re studying:

  • Undergraduate degree or diploma: You are likely eligible for a full NSFAS bursary.
  • Postgraduate study: You may qualify for a loan, depending on the course and funding availability.

📄 Required Documents for NSFAS Application

When applying, make sure you have the following documents scanned and ready:

  1. Certified copy of your South African ID or Smart Card.
  2. Parent(s) or guardian(s) ID documents.
  3. Proof of income (latest payslips, UIF, or affidavit if unemployed).
  4. Consent Form signed by your parent(s)/guardian(s) to allow NSFAS to verify income.
  5. Proof of registration or acceptance at a public institution.
  6. Academic transcripts (for continuing or postgraduate students).

🖥️ How to Apply for an NSFAS Loan Online

Step-by-Step NSFAS Online Application Process (2025)

  1. Visit the NSFAS Website

    Go to: https://www.nsfas.org.za

  2. Create an Account

    • Click on “MyNSFAS” and register your profile.
    • You’ll need a valid email address and South African cellphone number.
    • Choose a strong password and verify your account via email or SMS.
  3. Login and Start the Application

    • After registration, log in to your MyNSFAS account.
    • Click on “Apply” to begin a new application.
  4. Fill in Your Personal Details

    • Input your ID number, name, surname, and other details exactly as they appear on your ID.
    • Provide household income information and living arrangements.
  5. Upload Required Documents

    • Upload all supporting documents in PDF or JPEG format.
    • Each document must be clear and under the size limit specified.
  6. Submit Your Application

    • Review your application for accuracy.
    • Click “Submit” and wait for a confirmation message.
  7. Track Your Application

    • Log in regularly to check your application status.
    • You will be notified via SMS and email at each stage of the process.

🗓️ Important NSFAS Dates (2025)

  • Application Opening Date: September 1, 2025
  • Application Deadline: January 31, 2026
  • Appeals Period: February 2026 (if rejected)
  • Disbursement: After registration and approval

Note: Dates are subject to change; always confirm on the official NSFAS website.


💸 What Does the NSFAS Loan Cover?

NSFAS funding typically includes:

  • Tuition fees
  • Registration fees
  • Accommodation (if living away from home)
  • Meals and transport
  • Learning materials (e.g., textbooks)

For loans, repayment is only required once you start working and earn above a threshold (around R30,000 annually, but subject to change).


🔄 NSFAS Loan Repayment

Repayments are:

  • Income-contingent – you only repay when you can afford to.
  • Administered by DHET (Department of Higher Education and Training).
  • Interest-bearing, but interest rates are low and favorable.

You can also apply for a partial loan conversion to a bursary if you perform well academically.


🔁 How to Appeal a Rejected NSFAS Application

If your application is rejected, you may submit an appeal via your MyNSFAS portal:

  1. Log into your MyNSFAS account.
  2. Click on “Track Funding Progress”.
  3. If rejected, click on “Submit Appeal”.
  4. Upload any missing or corrected documents.
  5. Provide a clear explanation or motivation.

📱 NSFAS Contact Information


📝 Final Tips Before Applying

  • Apply early to avoid system overload near the deadline.
  • Use your own email and cellphone number (do not use someone else’s).
  • Double-check that all your documents are certified and legible.
  • Keep a copy of your submission confirmation for reference.

By following this guide, you can confidently apply for NSFAS funding and move one step closer to achieving your academic and career dreams—without the burden of immediate financial pressure.

If you need a printable checklist or PDF version of this guide, let me know and I’ll create one for you.